Marks Spencer Essay Essay Example

Imprints Spencer Essay Example Imprints Spencer Essay Imprints Spencer Essay This task will look at how Marks Spencers techniques have changed in the previous 10 years, from 1998 to 2008. These procedures incorporate administration methodology, corporate social obligation, promoting technique, serious system, and green system. Be that as it may, the most significant procedure must be the recuperation plan of these ten years. Imprints Spencer is the biggest garments retailer in the UK. It is additionally a global retailer which works around 760 stores in excess of 20 nations around the globe. The organization furnished quality items with reasonable costs and they offer a board scope of items, for example, womenswear, menswear, childrenswear, babywear, and homewares. [Mintel, Retail Review March, 2008] In 1998, the organization was hit by falling deals and loss of piece of the pie. They endured 23% abatement in benefits, and by 2001 Marks and Spencer was not, at this point even in the Financial Times rundown of the main 500 worldwide organizations. It was even at risk for being taken over by another organization. The reasons of diminishing deals incorporate the disappointment of the changing needs of its center shoppers, exhausting structure and styling and stylish contenders, for example, Gap and Zara. From that point forward, the organization utilized various procedures to recoup the organization lost. Before the finish of 2002, the piece of the overall industry of the apparel showcase raised up pointedly to 14.8%. Imprints and Spencer had the option to bring back the clients calmly. In any case, they encountered another fast drop in piece of the overall industry again in the 2 after years, which was somewhere in the range of 2003 and 2004. Luckily, the organization got the piece of the overall industry in 2006 with solid exhibitions from menswear, womenswear and childrenwear. The Christmas deals even rose up by 9.2% in 2007, which was authoritatively recuperated. In this manner, the inquiry concerning how the organization went down, how it recuperated and the nearness methodology will be found. [Marks Spencer yearly report, mintel 2002] Above all else, the executives system is included during these ten years. Imprints Spencer has been changed their chief load up ordinarily since1998. For instance, Luc Vandevelde enlisted as a director in 2000 and now, Stuart Rose is the current official executive since 2008. The hierarchical structure has been changed to be compliment over these ten years They organization has been chopped down certain layers of the executives since 1998. This would empower their workers at the rest of the levels to be more mindful and have more responsibility than previously. Snappier choice could be made by this procedure which implies that the representative must be prepared to give valid justification for the choices that they make. In 2001, Marks Spencer made consideration on executing the progressions about adding profoundly capable retail experts to the organization. Begun from 2000, the organization have set up a solid authority group, which has built up an excellent advancement in its execution. They were attempting to improve the estimation of the center market. [Marks Spencer yearly report, mintel 2002] From 2003 to 2007, the quantity of Marks Spencer stores in the UK and Republic of Ireland has expanded from 335 to 472, which is a technique of market entrance, as Marks Spencer showcased similar items to its energizing buyers that are in the UK and Republic of Ireland for increment deals. Moreover, propelling dedication card is another action of market entrance. (Ridder, K.,2003 , Mintel, 2007) A large number of Marks and Spencers methodologies can be characterized by utilizing Ansoffs network, which is one of the most valuable arranging help. This helps distinguishing elective systems dependent on items and markets. There are four fundamental development methodologies of potential blends for items and markets. They are showcase execution, advertise advancement, item improvement and expansion. [Ansoffs Matrix, 2008] Item improvement is the procedure that included the advancement of new items for current clients. For example, the David Beckham scope of childrenswear, DB07 was propelled in 2004. A brand is an unfilled vessel you permeate with value.(Wally Olins, 1988) This statement identifies with Marks and Spencer, in light of it was a chance of including worth, quality and authority by having David Beckham to be one of their extents, DB07. This helped the organization to pull in new clients in the new market, which is another case of Diversification. Market Development implies the way toward growing new markets for existing items. Focusing on new sections or extending new geological markets can accomplish the organization development. In any case, Marks Spencer didn't enter any new geological markets, since the offer of Brooks Brothers in 2000 and King Super Markets in 2006 for their recuperation plan. The organization attempted to concentrate on Europe, in light of the fact that the organization for the most part claimed stores in the UK, Republic of Ireland and establishments in Continental Europe. The quantities of stores in the Continental European nations are even extended from 82 to 131 altogether between July 2004 and July 2007. Web based shopping is each other movement of market improvement. Imprints Spencer began propelling internet retailing in 1999. Before the year's over 2000, they had extended 3,000 items on their site. At that point, they continued building up their web based shopping through associations with various organizations, for example, MSN in 2000 and Amazon in 2005. (mintel, design online 2006) Enhancement is the most dangerous techniques in the Ansoff framework, as it implies the organization showcases new items to new clients, which may not be important. For example, Marks Spencer had an extraordinary thought of employing a renowned football player, David Beckhamd and allowing him his own apparel run. Their promoting center is around their garments go which is most likely the correct thought because of contenders, for example, Sainsburys were presenting their own garments go. The organization had fused their own style and picture which their rivals couldn't understand to. In this manner, it was a major positive development for the organization. [Marks Spencer yearly report 1999] The recuperation plan on 2000/01 was concentrating on UK retail business, chopping down expense and organizations and improving capital structure. The technique of concentrating on the UK retail business which included extending the developing organizations, for example, food, home and excellence, yet in addition focusing on dress business, quicken of store restoration program for progressively serious utilization of room, and drawing nearer to the customer, as far as better promoting correspondence. The chopping down unfruitful system were included selling the business in Hong Kong to turn into an establishment, shutting down some unrewarding abroad business and the unbeneficial garments list and lessening cost of merchandise that by utilizing outside provider in Asia, which empowered to decrease deals cost and to raise benefit. After the recouped of the organization, the organization was wanting to drive their center business, for example, item, administration, condition and brand stretch. Likewise, they needed to build up their universal business. On the system of improving capital structure, the organization attempted to diminish the interest in inventories by 10%, which helped for a decrease of  £90million. Rivalries with different retailers, for example, Gap and Zara, Marks Spencer has been changed from dealing with their business all in all, instead of alone product offerings, to Imprints Spencer began concentrating on the UK market and its center garments business in 2001. That year, George David, who is the author of Next selected to make another womens style assortment for Marks Spencer in February, which called Per Una. This product offerings mirrored the first Marks Spencers estimations of value, worth and advancement just as the cutting edge prerequisites for style. In 2004, the organization recommended to alter it course of its dress. They needed to draw in more youthful clients and the organization purchased Per Una from George Davies for  £125m in September. [Marks Spencer yearly report, 2001and 2004] Imprints Spencer have changed a great deal in their childrenswear office in 2002. They have been utilizing high innovation of wellbeing and security testing on their scopes of childrenswear, which gave a superior quality to their items. As mintel report proposed that the greatest danger to the retail scene at that point (2002) was Marks and Spencer. Imprints and Spencer was exceptionally fascinating, as they have languished over period however they were to a greater degree a danger in the event that they start thinking responsibly and get things directly in childrens apparel they could have an immense effect a lot greater than any remote retailers entering the commercial center. [Mintel report, 2002] Moreover, since Marks and Spencer accepted that kids wear should included more characters and style, in February of 2002, they chose to sign David Beckham to help with their kid wear extend. In September of 2002, Marks and Spencer presented their new material wear DB07 which gave a lift to with more grounded runs by growing and acquainting a quick style component with its Limited Collection extend in 2006/07. [mintel, Retail Review UK March 2008] Since the sensational deals drop, Marks Spencer began spending a gigantic measure of cash on their publicizing technique. In 1999, they spent around  £2 million on the promoting effort which included TV advertisement. In 2001, the companys Christmas publicizing was propelled on the national TV. A portion of the superstars were included saying what Christmas intends to them and a portion of the Christmas present, items were highlighted either. In 2004, text advertising was right off the bat utilized by Marks and Spencer, which means sending the organization brand name to target clients. Likewise, David Beckham was highlighted for the worked together assortment, DB07 at that year, which indicated a family men picture for the brand and suits the picture of Marks Spencer In 2005, a publicizing effort Not simply Food was propelled in April and the advertisin

Using English Essay Help to Improve Your Essays

Using English Essay Help to Improve Your EssaysWriting a good English essay is no easy task. You have to be able to write a persuasive and creative essay, which is capable of providing your audience with a better understanding of your ideas.The best way to improve your essays would be to write them on a regular basis. You should take part in writing in a group, and you need to have some help to improve your English essay. This help could come from those who are more experienced at writing an essay. Other people who have the experience to write an essay may also be approached for essay help.An essay is something that you have to write. It has to be of such a standard that if read by someone who is not a student of English, they will get the message of the essay. A college professor would always like a good English essay. An essay should also be concise and relevant.Of course, an essay needs to be grammatically correct. There are many different points that should be included in an essa y, and the grammatical construction is the main point of it all. You have to check out the grammar of your essay before it is submitted to a college or university for publication.Before submitting your essay, it is important that you understand your topic very well. Do not just use the information that is given to you in your essay. Also, do not assume that the topic is unique, because it is not. The topic is only specific to your essay.When you have finished your essay, make sure that you reread it several times before you print it. Doing this ensures that you have not changed a single word in your essay. There is nothing worse than rewriting your essay twice because of a single error.When you are searching for assistance for your essay, the first thing that you should do is make a list of those people who can help you improve your essays. This helps you to eliminate those who may not be able to help you.After you have completed the process of looking for these individuals, you sho uld send out a request for assistance. Those who will help you will do their best to meet your needs and expectations for improving your essays.

Teaching and Learning Strategies for Patients and Family members of Essay

Instructing and Learning Strategies for Patients and Family individuals from Toddlers with Asthma - Essay Example From Koenig (2007), we are educated that in the United States youngsters with asthma 4 years old and more youthful are expanding and excessively influencing kids who live in neediness and urban zones who are African American or Latino. Koenig (2007, p. 223) additionally educated us that that forestalling, recognizing, and controlling asthma indications â€Å"remains complex among kids who are very young† despite the fact that we unquestionably know a greater amount of the pathophysiology of asthma today contrasted with quite a while back. Koenig (2007) brought up that it is basic for wellbeing suppliers to ask on the family star groupings. This is important for preparing and learning since we need to recognize the relatives who are with the kid most so a medical caretaker can concentrate on them for educating and learning exercises when proper. We likewise gained from Koenig (2007) that guardians and relatives can be personally acquainted with a child’s upset breathing and, along these lines, medical caretakers must have deferential position on the parents’ and family members’ â€Å"expertise† in assessing the seriousness of a child’s asthma assault. Koenig (2007) underscored that other than training on manifestation acknowledgment and directions on pharmacological intercession, there is s a need to grow cooperatively created emergency the board with relatives or delegates in case of an asthma attack.... We additionally gained from Koenig (2007) that guardians and relatives can be personally acquainted with a child’s bothered breathing and, along these lines, medical caretakers must have aware position on the parents’ and family members’ â€Å"expertise† in assessing the seriousness of a child’s asthma assault. Koenig (2007) underlined that other than training on indication acknowledgment and guidelines on pharmacological intercession, there is s a need to grow cooperatively created emergency the board with relatives or agents in case of an asthma assault. In light of crafted by Diette et al. (2008) and Koenig (2007), it might be conceivable that low pay bunches are progressively defenseless against asthma in light of their presentation to poor natural conditions and contamination. It follows accordingly that the preparation and learning technique must factor in the ecological circumstance went up against by the asthma patient and it likewise follow s that the medical caretaker must ask into the natural conditions stood up to by the asthma quiet. A portion of the hazard factors for asthma incorporate house dust parasites, partner creature allergens, cockroaches, growths, contaminations, and pain (Pedersen et al., 2011). The preventive methodologies for asthma incorporate staying away from presentation to barometrical contamination, keeping away from superfluous utilization of anti-microbials in small kids, and giving a quiet and sustaining condition (Pedersen et al., 11). Pedersen et al. (2011, pp. 9-14) gave a treatment system, a lot of proposals on the utilization of a home activity plan for family and parental figures, and distinguished the circumstances where hospitalization are likely required. Rules on Children with Asthma The US Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, has built up a

Child Support Laws In The State Of Florida Research - 550 Words

Child Support Laws In The State Of Florida Research Assignment (Essay Sample) Content: The child support laws in the State of FloridaChild support laws in the State of Florida are premised on the principle of best interest of the child. This principle is applied by courts in Florida to ensure that in making child support order, the courts should consider the best interest of the child. The money paid by the parents is paid to one of the parents to ensure that the child is comfortable and receives the essentials necessary for his or her daily living. It pays for medical insurance, food, shelter, school fees and payment of entertainment for the child. The payment of child support is determined by the use of a calculator that gives the figures that one parent should send to the other parent for the benefit of the child.There are various statutes that deal with the payment of child support in the State of Florida. The most applied legislative instrument governing child support is Section 61:13. The statute covers the payment of child support, the time that each parent spends with the child and the jurisdiction of the court in handling child support matters. This statute ensures that child support is calculated fairly and in accordance with the law to get a favorable child support structure. It deals with the factors that the court will consider in making child support. It also deals with parenting and time-sharing between the parents of the child. The statute also confers the court continuing jurisdiction to deal modify a support order when circumstances change.The other statutes that deal with child support in Florida are Section 61:14 and Section 743:07. Section 61:14 deals with payment of alimony, maintenance and enforcement of child support. This statute also confers the court the power to make any modification of a support order. The court can either increase or decrease the amo...

Personal Statement Personal Identity - 1470 Words

What makes one the same person as one was ten years ago? What is it in virtue a person can persist over time? In discussing these questions, we are approaching the subject of personal identity. Philosophically speaking, personal identity is concerned with the qualities that define and make up the persistence of our personhood (Olsen, â€Å"Personal Identity). In An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke offered his theory of personal identity. In which, he believes that consciousness alone, not the soul or the body, constitutes self-identification. In the following essay, I will argue that that while consciousness plays an essential role in understanding personal identity, it cannot sufficiently establish a criterion of personal identity due to its transient nature. The essay will unfold into three sections. The first one portrays my comprehension on Locke’s personal identity account. This section is further divided into three sub-sections: plant identity, personal identity and the differences between man and person. Next, I shall raise my objection to Locke’s emphasis on the role of memory in terms of personal identity. Subsection 2a uses the argument of a drunk man and the sober man to indicate how Locke would response to my hypothesized scenario in subsection 2b, the identity of A and B and C. Subsection 2c demonstrates my analysis of how the ephemeral nature of consciousness makes it an inadequate touchstone of personal identity. Plant Identity. PrincipiumShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Personal Identity1501 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal identity is a valued sense of oneself as it sets us apart from any other one individual. Time transpires, yet we are capable of identifying who we are because of the personal identity we manage to sustain. 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But I also really like taking care of children. Children are so fun and free. These identities all played into my missional calling to help people and be there for someone who needs supportRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Identity Research Paper Essay916 Words   |  4 Pages Personal Identity Research Paper I chose to interview my nephew, Jeremy for this paper. Jeremy and I are members of the same family; but, have different racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. My family is a very large family and consists of; six brothers, sister in- laws, and fifteen nieces and nephews. My brother, Joe, married an African-American women (Sandra) and had two sons; but, they look nothing alike. Surprisingly, Jeremy’s appearance is African-American and Anthony looks Caucasian

Re-Assessment of Branding to Develop a New Positioning and Communicati Research Proposal

Essays on Re-Assessment of Branding to Develop a New Positioning and Communication Strategy for Australian University Research Proposal The paper â€Å"Re-Assessment of Branding to Develop a New Positioning and Communication Strategy for Australian University† is an impressive example of a research proposal on marketing. The Australian University, founded in 1952, is one of the oldest universities in the Australian Capital Territory and was ranked as one of the best universities until around two decades ago. In its heydays, it has been a favorite educational destination for both domestic and as well as foreign students particularly from both developed and developing nations from the continents in the closest vicinity of Australia. But in the last twenty years, despite its best efforts, it has been difficult for it to sustain the inflow of students from domestic and international markets alike. While the university has been trying its best to maintain the standard and rigor of education that it has been known for, it is still not able to attract as many students in this age of information technology as it used to in absence of it. One reason for this is that highly negative changes have been promoted by educationists through the last two decades at all – tertiary, secondary and primary education levels. This has plummeted standards in this field through this time span (Meyers, 2012). While policies are to some extent beyond the Australian University’s capacity to modify, the best it can do is to do a re-assessment of it’s the brand that it is and develop new strategies on communication and positioning in order to do a renewed image-building. The first pre-requisite to accomplishing such an image makeover would be a market survey done amid a cross-section of people, directly or indirectly linked with the university, like former alumni, current students, and prospective admission-seekers.MANAGEMENT DECISION PROBLEMThe university management is under a predicament on how to execute a fresh strategy meant to re-assess and re-brand the university.MANAGEMENT RESEARCH PROBLEM Market research problem would be a collection of relevant data and the creation of meaningful information that alleviates the management decision problem and goes into the making of a viable strategy that can address goals.OBJECTIVESThe overall objectives of the market research would rest on the existing need of the university to re-assess its branding in order to develop a new positioning and communication strategy.To re-asses the brand so analytically through an in-depth market survey that it establishes a firm foundation for the university to develop a new strategy for repositioning and communication.To conduct comprehensive surveys among old alumni and current students and gauge the perception of both on the university, its ethos, and expectation they have from it.To analyze the loose ends in the projection of the university's image and methods used thereby particularly through the last two decadesRATIONALEEducation nowadays has become a global phenomenon. This is especially tru e in the case of Australia and other major-English speaking countries. The competition is stiff on both home-based and international turfs, and even major universities across the world are finding the need to market themselves. Correct marketing demands that information be collected systematically, and then documented methodologically, scrutinized and critically analyzed in order to be able to develop effective strategies and communications to foster growth (Brown and Oplatka, 2006). Recent years have witnessed a paradigm shift in education, particularly at the tertiary level. The trend has been widespread across the world, and even in top universities, which use marketing mixes at the national and international level to rebuild an image that is de facto supposed to influence at the domestic front even as marketing inputs might be focused at international level. The higher education, for example, has seen an upsurge in market-type mechanisms and marketization policies even in countr ies that have been previously known to adhere to the rigidities of government control on education (Jongbloed, 2003). Young (2002) has gone to the extent of remarking that marketization, in a number of countries, has been assumed as a compromise between state control, academic autonomy, and privatization.

Effective Approaches in Leadership & Management Free Sample

Question: Describe the comparison and contrast on leadership and management styles for nurse shortage and nurse turnover. Answer: Introduction Nursing staffs turnover and retention has become an alarming issue in the preset health care context. Around 90% of the employee turnover is recorded in the nursing sector in all health care organizations. However, the retention rates of the nurses in the health care organizations can be increased with the help of effective leadership skills and management strategies. The essay here focuses on the use of the skills for management of the persistent problem of nurse shortages in health care. Comparison and contrast on leadership and management styles for nurse shortage and nurse turnover According to the 2010 US census Bureau report, 40.3 million people are currently over the age of 65 years and the population is forecasted to become nearly double by the end of 2030 thus the increasing rate of nursing staffs turnover will make it difficult for the health care institutions to provide the necessary quality service to the clients. According to Verma et al. (2009) some of the major reasons for the shortage of the nursing staffs are namely increased demand because of aging population, better career options, low salary and high work pressure and workplace health challenges. Nevidjon Erickson (2000) opined that retention of nurses depends on the managerial skills of the nursing leaders and the way they value the nurses within the health care organizations. The nursing leaders should essentially use the caring attitude in order to show that they value their staffs. Rather than viewing the staffs as an expense, the nursing leaders should treat the nurses as assets in order t o boost their morale value and increase the chances of retention. Chase (2010) further opined that designing of the appropriate motivational strategies would further help in retention of the nurses. The reduction of the work pressure, designing of health care policies and salary structure increment are the major factors that will contribute to the satisfaction levels of the nurses thereby provoking them to avoid job shifts. Thus, it requires the nursing leaders to be good motivators. Buchan Aiken (2008) further added that the adoption of shared leadership or participatory leadership skills would help the nursing leaders to promote an environment of quality patient care, autonomy and responsible decision-making. The nursing leaders should also use appropriate supervisory skills for on-the-job training of the nurses so that they develop good working knowledge of the job and develop a sense of interest for the job. Apart from the nursing leaders, the front line nurse managers are also responsible for retention and appropriate recruitment of the nursing staffs. Graham-Dickerson et al. (2013) comments that the nursing manager needs to develop essential critical thinking skills in order to effectively manage the nursing staffs within a health care organization. With the help of effective educational skills in the field of human resource management, financial management, quality management and collective bargaining, skills the managers will be able to manage the staffs. However, the most important managerial skill that is required to solve the problems of nursing shortages is the self- efficacy skills. The nurse managers should firstly understand themselves and then evaluate the psychological needs of the nurse staffs. It is the responsibility of the nurse managers to identify the best practices related to retention of care workers. Surveys shows, that around 84% of the nurse retention occurs due t o their high levels of dissatisfaction with the nurse manager. Theories related to leadership and managerial skills According to Huber (2014) there is a difference between leadership theories and styles. Theories depict the practicality and styles are the preferred ways in which the individual can implement the theory. Analysis of the nursing leaders shows that the leaders should have the necessary leadership skills namely patient-centered care skills, good networking skills, optimistic and situational leadership skills and self-actualization or self-acceptance skills. Transformational versus Transactional leadership Transactional leadership skills require the leader to manage the day-to day activities of the team with the help of disciplinary rules and codes. However, Zori Morrison (2009) argued that the use of transformational leadership skills gives the individuals within a team an opportunity to develop individual leadership power. In the context of nursing, the leaders should effectively adopt the transformational leadership style and allocate certain aspects of the projects to the various nurses according to their areas of expertise. Barnett et al. (2010) opined that this would make the nurses feel that they are valuable assets for the organization and will develop their career prospects thereby reducing the rate of nurse turnovers. Adoption of transactional leadership in nursing context will make the leaders focus exclusively on the rules and regulations within the health care organization thereby limiting the growth of the nurses. On the contrary, the transformational leadership will hel p the nursing leaders to enhance the motivational approaches. Moreover, in the context of the rapidly changing health care environment it is necessary to adopt transformational leadership in order to instill flexibility within the thoughts and actions of the nurse leaders. Mentorship skills versus Laissez-Faire skills Laissez Faire also known as the hands-off style of leading is the type of leadership style where the leader gives freedom to the team members to work on their own free will without providing any guidance on the work. These nurse leaders believe in providing minimal amount of direction to the nurses. However, Nevidjon Erickson (2000) commented that hands-off style is not suitable in the context of management of nursing staffs since the nurses are related to the health care professions. Around 90% of the nurses appointed within the health care organizations are fresher in the field hence absence of suitable guidance may not only create a sense of disinterest among the employees nut also threaten the quality of service provided by the nurses. On the contrary, Medland Stern (2009) argued that the adoption of the supervisory or mentorship skills by the nursing leaders helps the leaders to not only motivate the nurses but also deliver high quality service to the health care clients. Situational leadership style and open communication Balogh-Robinson (2012) opined that nursing leaders are essentially required to demonstrate situational leadership skills in order to take appropriate decision related to diverse health care situations. The nurse leaders are also required to demonstrate open communication skills that will give the nurses an opportunity to communicate freely about their problems, experiences and work load pressures with the leaders. Open communication fosters the growth of the interpersonal relationship between the nursing staffs and the nurse leaders. Situational leadership style enables the nurse leaders to focus on improvement of the complex situations like nursing roasters, management of complex cases and motivating the nurses in order to continue with their career trend. Evaluation of the best-fit approach In the context of nursing leadership, the best-fit approach is the adoption of the transformational leadership style. The transformational nursing leaders have the opportunity to deal with the changing situations in a health care. Medland Stern (2009) opined that the nursing leaders should possess the qualities of self-dependence, self-assurance, confidence and lead by example. By adopting the transformational leadership, the leaders will have the opportunity to develop the morale of the individual nurses and design the required motivational techniques in order to acquire their job satisfaction levels. The transformational leadership also reduces the level of risks on the part of the nursing leaders and introduces a sense of responsibility among the employees and the team members. Thus, adoption of this leadership style integrates a sense of better outcome for the patients since the quality of the service is further enhanced. Conclusion The analysis within the essay shows that the adoption of the transformational leadership style by the nursing leaders can effectively solve the retention issues of the nursing staffs. The front line management in the health care organizations are thus required to focus on the HR policies, health policies and motivational factors in order to retain the nursing staffs within the organizations. Reference list Balogh-Robinson, L. L. (2012). The crisis in leadership in the context of the nursing shortage and the increasing prevalence of nursing unions.Journal of Healthcare Leadership,4, 127-139. Barnett, T., Namasivayam, P., Narudin, D. A. A. (2010). A critical review of the nursing shortage in Malaysia.International nursing review,57(1), 32-39. Buchan, J., Aiken, L. (2008). Solving nursing shortages: a common priority.Journal of clinical nursing,17(24), 3262-3268. Chase, L. K. (2010). Nurse manager competencies. Graham-Dickerson, P., Houser, J., Thomas, E., Casper, C., ErkenBrack, L., Wenzel, M., Siegrist, M. (2013). The Value of Staff Nurse Involvement in Decision Making.Journal of Nursing Administration,43(5), 286-292. Huber, D. (2014).Leadership and nursing care management(5th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Saunders Elsevier. ISBN-13:9781455740710 Medland, J., Stern, M. (2009). Coaching as a successful strategy for advancing new manager competency and performance. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 25(3), 141-147 Nevidjon, B., Erickson, J. I. (2000). The nursing shortage: solutions for the short and long term.Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,6(1), 4-4. Verma, S., Broers, T., Paterson, M., Schroder, C., Medves, J. M., Morrison, C. (2009). Core competencies: the next generation. Comparison of a common framework for multiple professions. Journal of Allied Health, 38(1), 47-53 Zori, S., Morrison, B. (2009). Critical thinking in nurse managers.Nursing Economics,27(2), 75-80.

Translation Method free essay sample

As â€Å"modern† languages began to enter the curriculum of European schools in the eighteenth century, they were taught using the same basic procedures that were used for teaching Latin. Textbooks consisted of statements of abstract grammar rules, lists of vocabulary, and sentences for translation. Speaking the foreign language was not the goal, and oral practice was limited to students reading aloud the sentences they had translated. These sentences were constructed to illustrate the grammatical system of the language and consequently bore no relation to the language of real communication. By the nineteenth century, this approach based on the study of Latin had become the standard way of studying foreign language in schools. A typical textbook in the mid-nineteenth century thus consisted of chapters or lessons organized around grammar points. Each grammar point was listed, rules on its use were explained, and it was illustrated by sample sentences. This approach to foreign language teaching became known as the Grammar-Translation Method. We will write a custom essay sample on Translation Method or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Principle of The Grammar-Translation Method 1. The goal of foreign language study is to learn a language in order to read its literature or in order to benefit from the mental discipline and intellectual development that results from foreign language study. 2. Reading and writing are the major focus; little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening. 3. Vocabulary selection is based on solely on the reading texts used, and words are taught through bilingual words lists, dictionary study, and memorization. 4. The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and language practice. 5. Grammar is taught deductively. . Translation interprets the words and phrases of the foreign languages in the best possible manner. 7. The phraseology and the idiom of the target language can best be assimilated in the process of interpretation. 8. The structures of the foreign languages are best learnt when compared and contrast with those of mother tongue. 9. The teacher is the authority in the classroom. It is very important that students get the correct answer. 10. Learning is facilitated through attention to similarities between the target language and the native language. Advantages 1. An effective way for application of grammar and sentence structure I think the exercises that are given after translation is very beneficial and accurate for grammar learning. 1. Few demands on teachers. Also, It is practical and easy to implement. In this method, teacher only deals with organization and implementation of exercises. So this means teacher has not a lot to do. In other word; this method does not require lots of thing but a passage of literature text and a few exercises, it is pretty easy to carry out. 2. Least stressful for students Students prepare themselves for exercises and memorization of vocabulary and grammar rules. Disadvantages 1. The Grammar Translation Method can make the language learning experience uninspiring and boring. All the classes can be taught in the same way so after some time students may get bored. Also I think that language teaching should be done very different ways in order to inspire students. 2. The Grammar Translation Method can leave the students with a sense of disappointment when they travel to countries where the studied language is used  because they can’t understand what people say and have difficulty in expressing themselves at the most basic level. . This method neither approaches nor encourages the students’ communicative (speaking amp; listening skills) competence. Reading and writing are the major focus of this method so speaking and listening skill remain in the shadow of writing and reading. 4. Language is learned by conscious memorization of grammar rules and vocabulary. Nowadays memorization isnt highly regarded; internalization through exposure, experience and use are preferred. Language learning needs to be beyond memorization because I think language should be learnt with experiences. . Lack of communication between students. The teacher explains, translates, conducts practice, and corrects mistakes, and learners interact with the teacher, not with each other. That’s because, students can easily make what they learnt permanent with interactions between them.

The Definition and Usage of Optimality Theory

The Definition and Usage of Optimality Theory In linguistics, the theory that surface forms of language reflect resolutions of conflicts between competing constraints (i.e., specific restrictions on the form[s] of a structure). Optimality Theory was introduced in the 1990s by linguists Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky (Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar, 1993/2004). Though originally developed from generative phonology, the principles of Optimality Theory have also been applied in studies of syntax, morphology, pragmatics, language change, and other areas. In Doing Optimality Theory (2008), John J. McCarthy points out that some of the most significant work on OT is available for free on the Rutgers Optimality Archive. ROA, which was created by Alan Prince in 1993, is an electronic depository of work in, on, or about OT. Its a fabulous resource for the student as well as the veteran scholar. Observations At the heart of Optimality Theory lies the idea that language, and in fact every grammar, is a system of conflicting forces. These forces are embodied by constraints, each of which makes a requirement about some aspect of grammatical output forms. Constraints are typically conflicting, in the sense that to satisfy one constraint implies the violation of another. Given the fact that no form can satisfy all constraints simultaneously, there must be some mechanism selecting forms that incur lesser constraint violations from others that incur more serious ones. This selectional mechanism involves hierarchical ranking of constraints, such that higher-ranked constraints have priority over lower-ranked ones. While constraints are universal, the rankings are not: differences in ranking are the source of cross-linguistic variation. (Renà © Kager, Optimality Theory. Cambridge University Press, 1999) Faithfulness and Markedness Constraints [Optimality Theory] holds that all languages have a set of constraints which produce the basic phonological and grammatical patterns of that particular language. In many cases, an actual utterance violates one or more of these constraints, so a sense of well-formedness applies to that utterance which violates the least number or least important constraints. Constraints can be classified in two types: faithfulness and markedness. The faithfulness principle constrains a word to match the underlying morphological form (such as plural tram -s in trams). But words like buses or dogs do not follow this constraint (the first falls foul of the constraint that prevents the pronunciation of two consecutive /s/ sounds and the second places a /z/ instead of an /s/). These two examples, though, follow markedness constraints, and in these cases the particular markedness scores higher than the faithfulness constraint, so the alternate forms are allowed. Differences between languages, then, are a ma tter of the relative importance given to particular constraints, and a description of these constitutes a description of the language. (R.L. Trask, Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts, 2nd ed., ed. by Peter Stockwell. Routledge, 2007) Constraint Interaction and the Domination Hierarchy [W]e assert that the constraints operating in a particular language are highly conflicting and make sharply contrary claims about the well-formedness of most representations. The grammar consists of the constraints together with a general means of resolving their conflicts. We argue further that this conception is an essential prerequisite for a substantive theory of UG. How does a grammar determine which analysis of a given input best satisfies a set of consistent well-formedness conditions? Optimality Theory relies on a conceptually simple but surprisingly rich notion of constraint interaction whereby the satisfaction of one constraint can be designated to take absolute priority over the satisfaction of another. The means that a grammar uses to resolve conflicts is to rank constraints in a strict domination hierarchy. Each constraint has absolute priority over all the constraints lower in the hierarchy. [O]nce the notion of constraint-precedence is brought in from the periphery and foregrounded, it reveals itself to be of remarkably wide generality, the formal engine driving many grammatical interactions. It will follow that much that has been attributed to narrowly specific constructional rules or to highly particularized conditions is actually the responsibility of very general well-formedness constraints. In addition, a diversity of effects, previously understood in terms of the triggering or blocking of rules by constraints (or merely by special conditions), will be seen to emerge from constraint interaction. (Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky, Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar. Blackwell, 2004) The Richness of the Base Hypothesis Optimality Theory (OT) does not allow for constraints on the inputs of phonological evaluation. Output constraints are the only mechanisms for expressing phonotactic patterns. This idea of OT is referred to as the Richness of the Base hypothesis. For instance, there is no input constraint that forbids the morpheme *bnik as a morpheme of English. The output constraints will penalize such a form, and evaluate this form in such a way that the optimal output form is not faithful to this form, but different, e.g. blik. Since forms such as bnik will never surface in English, it does not make sense to store an underlying form bnik for blik. This is the effect of lexicon optimization. Thus, the phonological output constraints of a language will be reflected by the input forms. (Geert Booij, Morpheme Structure Constraints. The Blackwell Companion to Phonology: General Issues and Subsegmental Phonology, ed. by Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice. Blackwell, 2011) Optimality-Theoretic Syntax [T]he emergence of OT syntax seems to fit into the general tendency in syntax to blame the ungrammaticality of a sentence on the existence of a better alternative. This view on grammaticality is also found in [Noam] Chomskys Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1995), although Chomsky takes optimization to play a much more modest role than OT syntacticians do. Whereas Chomskys only criterion for evaluation is derivational cost, the inventory of violable constraints assumed in OT syntax is richer. As a result, the OT constraints interact and conflict with each other. This interaction is exploited by the assumption that constraints are ranked, and that parametrization can be reduced to differences in ranking between languages. Chomskys economic conditions, on the other hand, have no such direct parametrizing effect. In the Minimalist Program, the locus of the parametrization is the lexicon. (Introduction to Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax, and Acquisition, ed. by Joost Dekkers, Frank van d er Leeuw, and Jeroen van de Weijer. Oxford University Press, 2000)

Article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Article review - Essay Example The second recommendation that the article makes contends that math programs for children must shift from focusing on numeracy and begin to explore concepts and ideas, which will develop a more powerful foundation in math (Burghes, 2012). Thirdly, the article recommends that math teachers need to focus more on designing better lesson plans. By studying the Japanese structure of lesson study, in which the math teachers undergo professional development by using their ‘research lessons’ to share their practice (Burghes, 2012). The article contends that this type of professional development successfully changes approaches to teaching since it gets all teachers engaged and on board. In the lesson study, the article proposes that teachers should first come up with an overarching lesson study aim. In addition, they should agree on the objectives for each lesson among themselves, plan a research lesson that satisfies two or more of the objectives, carry out an in-depth review after teaching the lessons, and note action plans that will be disseminated to be used for the next lesson cycle. Finally, the author claims that learning mathematical concepts will only be improved with leadership. The math coordinator mus t be a leader in the initiative to improve teaching and learning of math concepts. The coordinator will take responsibility for supporting and encouraging the rest, discussion and monitoring their progress, and intervening in the presence of uncertainties and problems (Burghes, 2012). The article studies an innovative math program for children that have achieved impressive results in Hungary, which is called the Mathematics Enhancement Program (Burghes, 2012). Most of the lessons learnt from the article are relevant in the US math curriculum. It is non-confrontational and friendly, encouraging teachers to engage pupils in discussion to find solutions to problems in math. The innovative structure enables the lesson plans to support class

Interpersonal Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interpersonal Conflict - Essay Example This could be because of a person’s outstanding services, contacts with influential people, cultural beliefs, and practices or welfare activities for the society in which he leaves. When a person reaches such a status, he feels he is above those around him and seeks to implement protocols and securities. The fourth reason is the personality. It is the inherited or God gifted abilities, physique or outstanding achievements in the field of art or science. You are recognized and known for achievements not only locally but also nationally as well as internationally. You become renowned and with that comes wealth, authority, prestige, and fan following. The fifth reason is the intimacy. It is the love and affection and the feeling of nearness that continues to expand until it reaches oneness. When intimacy reaches oneness, it creates immense fulfillment and accomplishment. You feel you have conquered the world. Let us discuss three separate conflict situations and see how it has be en handled by the interacting personalities. The first conflict situation is the most unforgettable incident of 9/11. This is the example of â€Å"abundant resources of one country and ultra scarce resources of the other country†. On one side it was The United States of America, who had a tremendous amount of resources in the form of military equipment, army, air and sea forces, strategic power and democratically elected effective government and on the other side, it was Pakistan a small, poor, under developed and militarily ruled country.... When a person reaches such a status, he feels he is above those around him and seeks to implement protocols and securities. Fourth reason is the personality. It is the inherited or God gifted abilities, physique or outstanding achievements in the field of art or science. You are recognized and known for your achievements not only locally but also nationally as well as internationally. You become renowned and with that comes wealth, authority, prestige and fan following. Fifth reason is the intimacy. It is the love and affection and the feeling of nearness that continues to expand until it reaches oneness. When intimacy reaches oneness, it creates immense fulfillment and accomplishment. You feel you have conquered the world. Let us discuss three separate conflict situations and see how it has been handled by the interacting personalities. The first conflict situation is the most unforgettable incident of 9/11. This is the example of â€Å"abundant resources of one country and ultra s carce resources of the other country†. On one side it was The United States of America, who had tremendous amount of resources in the form of military equipments, army, air and sea forces, strategic power and democratically elected effective government and on the other side it was Pakistan a small, ultra poor, under developed and militarily ruled country. USA raged a global war against the terror and blamed that the attack of 9/11 in New York, was planned by Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Pakistan was asked by USA to support the war on terror or face the consequences. Pakistan government had no choice due to military supremacy of US. Pakistan managed this conflict by â€Å"accommodation† and â€Å"collaboration†. The consequences of this

Abundance of drama Essay Example for Free

Abundance of drama Essay She and the other girls give the names of innocent people who had nothing to do with witchcraft leaving the act with a dramatic hysterical close as all the girls try to cleanse themselves of the confrontation with Beelzebub hinting at the future prospects of the play. The act steadily builds up to when Tituba is accused at the end of the act of witchcraft. Each ingredient of the, story, which we know is hearsay, is added until it comes together and there is sufficient evidence for her to be accused by Hale. The story, which has been building, takes a turn and instead of the inquisitive nature of which it started, it becomes more action orientated and becomes a name and shame game where people are incorrectly blamed and gives a dramatic effect to the audience. This final dramatic scene of the act is placed there to end the act with a mini peak of the story and to keep the audience interested and wanting more. Act two begins with a long conversation between Proctor and his wife. They talk about the every day things but the stage directions and language Miller uses, like the scene with Proctor and Abigail, strongly projects the dramatic effect on the audience and emotions of the relationship. Proctor is not at ease with his wife, the atmosphere appears tense and uncomfortable. He attempts to make conversation, are you well today? which is not the sort of thing a husband would say to his wife. He tries to make her happy by complimenting her: its well seasoned and grinning. It is obvious that the atmosphere could be cut with a knife as gently as he can depicts that he is carefully choosing his words and trying to be a good husband but desperately trying not to bring up the affair. But it is not in vain as Goody Proctor reacts warmly to him, blushing with pleasure; giving an inkling that she still loves him. Though the feeling is that of betrayal and guilt there is a warm, gentle fragment of loyalty and love emancipated out of their conversation, which proves they still both feel love towards one another. Mary Warren comes in to the house-hold to discuss the events which took place in Salem earlier on and that, Aye a proper court they have now. Theyve sent four judges out of Boston, and that 39 women have been accused of witchcraft. She then proceeds to talk about the accused and that Mrs Proctor has been accused. This shocks them and that Rebecca nurse has also been accused, as she is a well-respected person in the Salem community and adds to the drama. Both of the women have enemies who wish to destroy them (Abigail and Mrs Putnam) and two rival factions are now clearly taking form, Goody Proctor is arrested. The home scene between Proctor and his wife is placed before she is arrested to dramatically show how innocent and plain Goody Proctor was and the contrast of her seeing John in the wrong by her being arrested, this dramatically portraits injustice. Proctors actions towards the arrest of his wife are dramatic as he runs out adding to the action and pace of the scene, I will not have her chained! The fact he will not have her chained when they are authorised to do so indicates conflict and gives drama, the use of an apostrophe shows his anger again adds gives a dramatic effect to the audiences Towards the end of the act pressure is placed on a character this time it is Mary who is being pressurised by the now fiery Proctor due his wifes imprisonment. Proctor tries to force Mary to tell the court about the poppet which Mrs Proctor was arrested for, You will tell the court how the poppet come here. Mary claims she cannot, which she repeats and she begins to cry. Proctors language creates his mentality with the omnipotence of his language and the harsh anger which has built up inside to terrify Mary to get her to divulge her information to the court, Aye naked! And the wind will, gods icy wind will blow! His use of the word icy creates the chilling ominous threat to all the people who are dishonest and shows that he himself would not do it or he would be severely hypocritical. This, from what he said, is the first indication of his stern and ethical character and that Marys character is frail and easily manipulated both by Abigail and Proctor. Not only does the dramatic structure give the end of the act a dramatic finish but also the end of the act uses language to get across the seriousness and religious terror being brewed in Salem. Act three is set in the courtroom, the cases are being investigated and the questions and debating ensues. Mary now forced by Proctor to support Goody Proctor tells the court that she lied the day before. However she shows her weakness when she herself is blamed by Abigail, and cracks when Abigail condemns her by pretending that there is a spirit conjured by Mary, Let me go Mr Proctor, I cannot, I cannot. This leads to Proctor to loose his cool and condemn Abigail for doing all of this to spite him and to rid the world of his wife. He now has to admit to committing the sin of adultery: I have known her sir! This leads us to the turning point in the play. Proctor reveals to the court that his wife never tells a lie and that she would tell the court about his affair. By stating the truth it would obviously mean that she was telling the truth about the witchcraft and proving her innocence but would she be able to disgrace Proctors, name, which means so much to the people of the time period that the play was set. Millers dramatic structure brings the play to a mini climax if not the most important one by great structuring of the play; the play reaches a cross-roads. If Goody Proctor tells the truth it undermines everything that Abigail has said and shows her as a liar and everyone wrongly accused is released and brings about the end of court. But if she lies it means that all the people who have kept their morality and not lied will be charged. It defines the future of the factions and the play, having been built up throughout the opening acts. This is well dramatically structured to create complete unpredictability and a sense of curiosity as to how it will end. She is brought in and interrogated. Goody Proctors body language portraits the tension: liking her lips to stall for time now created in the court, as they all know this is the defining moment. She thinks about what she should say and glances at Proctor looks for help. In, agony, she answers the questions. Hard thought and constant silent pauses build the pressure within the room, Is your husband a lecher? Danforth the judge asks her. No. The pressure is lifted and the stomach churning feeling of the characters and audience takes over, this is summed up by the comment, oh god! when Goody Proctor realises what shes done. But by lying, going against everything she stands for. She obviously forgives Proctor as she took one for him when he had committed adultery this shows the romantic drama that she loves him so much she would give up her morals for his name. Abigail then starts off again pretending to draw attention on to herself, that Mary is conjuring spirits and uses her power to create mass hysteria. Miller liberally uses exclamation marks to emphasise the shouting and adding to the general madness of the courtroom. Abigails actions are dramatised and create a lot of fear, Abigail pointing with fear and which is added to by having all the girls at once shouting. It gives a fearful representation that the girls are possessed by some sought of satanic spirit. Mary shifts the blame onto Proctor who is then accused by the court. This is dramatically used as the story declines after the climax in act three and the story needs to be built up quickly to reach the final climax. In Act four this is done by the hysteria and the fact that Proctor is now being blamed by Abigail and ironically the reason the trouble started was because she wanted him, now she is getting rid of him and achieving nothing. In Act four Proctor has an emotional talk with his wife as she tries to persuade him to confess and be released. Miller goes to work on giving the audiences heart strings a pull using again language and stage actions to show the emotions of love and despair and create a great sense of drama using dramatic devices. Goody Proctor has forgiven him and believes; whatever, he does it is good man that does it, and thinks she drove him to have an affair. She states that, John, I counted myself so plain, so poorly made no honest love could come to me! Suspicion kissed you when I did. She thinks that there was nothing to love about her and before it was not her who kissed him but personified. This also implies that now when they talk and hold each other it is pure love for the first time in their relationship bringing a sense of romanticism to the ordeal that theyve been through. Millers dramatically structure places the conversation before the final and ultimate climax to act as the calm before the storm and to increase the pressure on John and ultimately be decisive to the final sequence of events. Proctor is to be hung but because he was persuaded he confesses but all the official figures want his confession in writing. By doing this he is giving up his, name. He realises that he will die before he will give up his name and rips up his life which he had signed. This then brings us to the most powerful and dramatic action within the whole play in my opinion as, His breast heaving, his eyes staring, Proctor tears up the paper and crumples it, and he is weeping in fury, but still erect. This shows that he will not sign away his, name, showing his courage. He has thrown away his life but still stands erect, theyve pushed him all the way physically and mentally but he has not fallen keeping his dignity, ethics and pride, which we know mean so much to him as does his life which is why it is so dramatic. Miller has created a twist luring the audience in with Goody Proctors persuasion, hooking them in with signing the confession but masking the fact he was to rip up his life, and die for what he believes and becoming a type of martyr or tragic hero. Millers, The Crucible, is structured to gain dramatic effect. Each act takes on the same structure and has very similar properties. The first two scenes to begin with build up information about different events, which take place off stage. All acts build up to a climax, giving away hints about the next act and each act ends with pressure being placed on a certain character. Act one it is Tituba; act two it is Mary; act three Mary and Mrs Proctor and act four John Proctor. The Crucible is a fitting name for the play as a crucible is a melting pot, which eventually displaces the pure from the waste. Which also happens in the play each act is a small melting pot as in act one, the different things are added by way of the story being built up and then heated. The heat in act one is Hale and overall the whole play is a melting pot. The story built up, the heat added by the way of the court and the pure displaced from the waste. The pure, being the characters that wouldnt pass on the blame because they were too strong and would not give up their morals. The irony is that the people who deserved to be killed i. e. Abigail and Paris compared to the remorseful Proctor and the innocent Rebecca nurse. Miller created a dramatic play by incorporating dramatic language, stage directions and the play is structured in such a way that it gives the audience an abundance of drama.

Claudio Monteverdi Essay -- Biography

Claudio Monteverdi was a late Renaissance composer who was born in Cremona on May 15th 1567 and died in Venice on November 29th 1643. His emergent writing style had significant influence on the musical transitions from the Renaissance to the Baroque era. He was an employed musician most of his life who spent much of his work challenging the popular artists of his time to venture out into new variations of the traditional styles. Alongside many of his contemporaries such as Giaches de Wert and Prince Gesualdo di Venosa, he was a part of subtle change throughout the culture he lived in which made a large impact for the future. In his early years Monteverdi was taught to play the piano and also taught about musical composition by Marc’Antonio Ingegneri, who was the Cathedral choir director in his town. It was not long before Monteverdi began to catch on to what was being taught. In fact, his first piece was written at the young age of 15, foreshadowing his passion that would be a life lived in dedication and enjoyment of writing music. Although he was not recorded to have been involved in the public worship choir, Monteverdi was surrounded by musical performance and worship on a regular basis. His lessons, taught by Ingegneri, were stepping-stones to what he would be learning throughout his time. In Cremona, he was taught to be controlled and traditional, as was noted by George J. Beulow in Chapter three of his book, A History of Baroque Music. He said, â€Å"Monteverdi’s art was nurtured in a musical environment that was more conservative than experimental.†(P.57) While Monteverdi was learning the basic principles of composition and music theory, one such concept was particularly important and that was counterpoint. Throughout the ... ...stic portrayal of the characters, and warmer melodies than had previously been heard. It requires a smaller orchestra, and has a less prominent role for the choir. Monteverdi’s work will be remembered as revolutionary as well as somewhat radical for his time. He continued to stay true to many of the previous methods such as counterpoint, but changed many things and searched for ways to express the lyrical content better than before. His attraction to the Madrigal is a good example of his ability to do this, displayed in his nine books. Word phrases and expressive moods were also shown in his Operas where he told longer stories of love and ancient tales. In every style that Monteverdi wrote it, he will be remembered as a composer who was true to foundational principles of the old styles, but took daring steps to form new sounds that would influence future artwork.

Freedom VS Security Essay

Many theories and assumptions have been fabricated upon the basis of man’s desires and beliefs. H. L. Mencken wrote, â€Å"The average man does not want to be free, only to be safe. † However, this observation does not correlate with what has been witnessed over the course of contemporary society. Since the 18th century, man has sacrificed safety for a reward that is much more paramount, freedom. Patrick Henry, an orator for freedom in the middle to late 1700’s, knew that liberty was a vital necessity in every man’s life, and that one must do whatever it takes, including sacrificing their security, in order to achieve it. In his speech to the Virginia House of Burgesses, he is most memorably quoted for his concluding antithesis, â€Å"Give me liberty, or give me death! † Henry conveyed to his audience, as well as the entire nation, that freedom is a virtue worth dying for. Mencken’s allegation fails to attribute this instance, even though Patrick Henry was able to convince a whole nation that their liberty was worth dying for. In the past we have had many examples of security vs. freedom. During the civil war we had soldiers and people fighting to be free. They risked their own life everyday stepping out on the battle field just so they could have their own rights. This also happens in the American Revolution; people fight and risk their lives for freedom. Many events in history show how much people truly care about their freedom. Our Founding Fathers created this nation so we wouldn’t have to be living in a society full of regulation. Freedom vs. Security is a non-stop debate in our country. However, freedom is unalienable. Freedom is what keeps the common man happy. Freedom allows us to treat every day as a new day, knowing that we can do and accomplish anything because we are free. On the other hand, while safety is what keeps man calm and secure, it is not what our nation thrives off of. Security is a blanket, while freedom is a threshold. Therefore it is desired, while security is expected. No man cries out for safety, but the same cannot be said about freedom. Freedom gives us hope and excitement, while security gives assurance. Both are essential, yet only one is craved. Mencken’s presumption of what man wants, and what man deserves are in disarray. Freedom is everything, and not even safety can over shadow it.

Jack Ma On Teamwork. Jack Views Teamwork As A Sense Of

Jack ma on teamwork Jack views teamwork as a sense of unity for common interests and responsibilities developed by individuals in an organization. Sometimes people ask why teamwork is so important whereas they can complete tasks well while working alone. Well, teamwork concentrates on the element of synergy where the sum is definitely greater compared to the parts. He further likens teamwork to sports where teams made up of expensive players are regularly outperformed by individually less talented teams. The results can be attributed to the synergistic value of teamwork combined with the role of team manager rather than the price tag of the individuals. Jack Ma always encourages his team to work collaboratively in implementing projects†¦show more content†¦For instance, he demonstrates this in in common situations in his business organization where they often put themselves in a complex situation where they have to decide between competing interests as regarding the buyer and the seller, the seller competes, between entrepreneurship and legal aspects, between innovation and the need to stabilize. Mistakes done by Jack Ma in his Entrepreneurial Journey For over a decade now, Jack Ma and Alibaba are two names that have occupied Chinese online platforms and this does not seem to stop any time soon. They have received several praises from Chinese merchant especially on Taobao – a Chinese online shopping website. Unknown to many, Jack’s achievements didn’t come overnight. They were as a result of making several mistakes which made him better and better in readiness for the future. To begin with, the worst mistake he ever did was relocating the domestic headquarters from Hangzhou to Shanghai. As though this was not enough, he also moved his global base to Silicon Valley. Contrary to his expectations, it turned out that the environment was not right for the firm. The emergence of dot com era hit his United States headquarters while his Shanghai office came face to face with the reality of small manufacturing enterprises that were going global. The strategy caused friction with his most coveted priority, the customers. 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